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Table V

Landscape parameters for mixed oak forests, beech forests and pine plantations. FD = Fractal dimension; Pi 500 = proximity index in a radius of 500 m; NND = nearest neighbor distance; Min = minimum value; Max = maximum value; Mean ± SE = mean ± standard error. p-Values were derived from the Kruskall-Wallis test. Different superscript letters indicate significant differences between values (Mann-Whitney U test at p < 0.05) (means with different letters are significantly different).

Parameters Min Max Mean ± SE p
Area (Ha) Oak forest 1.2 39.5 8.6 ± 4.6 a 0.06
Beech forest 1.0 131.4 64.2 ± 17.5 b
Pine plantation 12.5 810.0 364.8 ± 124.1 c

FD Oak forest 1.315 1.402 1.370 ± 0.01 0.16
Beech forest 1.307 1.426 1.356 ± 0.01
Pine plantation 1.294 1.473 1.402 ± 0.02

NND(m) Oak forest 12 143 57 ± 16.9 a 0.42
Beech forest 6 513 94 ± 69.7 b
Pine plantation 0 69 16 ± 9.1 c

Pi 500 Oak forest 4 270 65 ± 31.4 a 0.009
Beech forest 0 1984 343 ± 275 b
Pine plantation 18 24517 8829 ± 3477.5 c