Changes in total breeding values (BV) in g·cm⁻³ and their deviations from mean values over the 10 years (no covariate). (a) Total breeding values of the 40 parents (also for total density, Dtot), (b) deviation from the mean of earlywood density (ED) for the 40 parents, and (c) deviation from the mean of latewood density (LD). For total breeding values of the 40 parents estimated with the ring width as a covariate, see Figure B, online material.